"Montezuma"

Back in May, I wrote that the line "As naked as when they came" in "Montezuma" bears some resemblance to Job 1:21:  "And he [Job] said, 'Naked I came from my mother's womb, and naked shall I return.  The LORD gave, and the LORD has taken away; blessed be the name of the LORD.'"  A couple months ago, however, I was reading Ecclesiastes and found a stronger resemblance in 5:15:  "As he came from his mother's womb he shall go again, naked as he came, and shall take nothing for his toil that he may carry away in his hand."

"Montezuma"

I listened to Helplessness Blues to-day because it's the tenth anniversary of its release.  I noticed a handful of things in "Montezuma," mostly in this verse:

In dearth or in excess

Both the slave and the empress

Will return to the dirt, I guess

Naked as when they came

"In dearth or in excess" and "Both the slave and the empress" are merisms.  A merism is a rhetorical device used to indicate a wide range by naming two opposites.  The two here illustrate that, no matter his status or position, everyone dies.

"As naked as when they came" seems to be an allusion to Job 1:21:  "And he [Job] said, 'Naked I came from my mother's womb, and naked shall I return.  The LORD gave, and the LORD has taken away; blessed be the name of the LORD.'"

Near the end of the song, there's the line "Montezuma to Tripoli," which is also a merism.